UK GP Practices
Search every site in this cohortuk-gp-practices
Every active general practice in the four nations.
Middle of 31 cohorts. All cohorts 54 · best cohort 63.
The source, and how we filtered it
| Source | GP practices in the UK, NHS England (Organisation Data Service; NHS.UK practice profiles) (2026-11-02) |
|---|---|
| License | ODS: Open Government Licence v3.0. NHS.UK practice profiles: Open Government Licence v3.0 under NHS.UK's terms (sections 3.4 to 3.11), which permit any use including commercial. Only each practice's name and website address are taken, which NHS.UK's terms treat as adapted content, so it is attributed with the generic OGL statement and not as information from the NHS website. Read 2026-11-05. |
| Cite as | Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. |
| How we filtered it | Active organizations with the ODS GP practice role (RO76) for England, Wales and Scotland, and active primary role RO315 for Northern Ireland. For each English practice, the website link on its NHS.UK profile (6,256 pages, read one at a time). Addresses are cut to the root unless several practices share a host with a page each. |
| Instead of | The NHS.UK Service Search API (needs a key); the PHS, NHS Wales and BSO practice lists (no websites). |
| Built | 2026-11-02 |
The filtering is ours and is disclosed as ours. The source published a list; the decision about which rows of it belong in a cohort was a judgment call, and it is written down so somebody can disagree with it.
Where the 4399 sites land
| Grade | Share of the cohort | Sites | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adequate | 1471 | 33.4% | |
| Weak | 2511 | 57.1% | |
| Not ready | 403 | 9.2% | |
| Strong | 14 | 0.3% |
What the cohort earns, dimension by dimension
The mean share of each dimension’s available points that this cohort earned. Low here means the whole sector is weak on it, not that one site dragged an average down. The per-site spread is in the dataset.
| Dimension | Mean share earned | Mean |
|---|---|---|
| #1 · Reach
These parameters determine the fundamental ease of access that AI has to your site information. |
68% | |
| #2 · Read
AI generally turns off JavaScript. Does your site information survive without it? |
56% | |
| #3 · Understand
Does a machine know who and what you are? |
25% | |
| #4 · Act
Sitemaps, redirects, 404s, licensing terms, and not wasting the crawl budget. |
76% |
The cap is 32 URLs and it is a ceiling, not a promise. A portal whose every link points at a different host yields one page; a university yields the full sample. The median here is 32, the range 1–32, published so that "we sampled 32 URLs per site" cannot become a claim the data does not support.
36 sites in this cohort served a certificate we could not verify. They were read anyway and scored normally, because reporting no response for a site every browser loads would describe our TLS stack rather than the site, and each one carries the finding in its row.
11 tests almost nobody in this cohort passes
| Test | What it asks | Failing | Of | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACT-3 | If you have a public API, is it described in a standard file? | 1 | 2 | |
| EXT-11 | Have you marked the part of a page that answers a spoken question? | 4399 | 0 | |
| EXT-12 | Do you tell search engines the moment a page changes? | 4399 | 0 | |
| EXT-14 | Does your site offer its actions to AI browsers as tools? | 4031 | 0 | |
| EXT-15 | Can an AI agent find out how to sign in to your site? | 1 | 0 | |
| EXT-16 | Do you publish a card or a skills list for the agents you run? | 4399 | 0 | |
| EXT-17 | Do you list your agents in your domain's DNS records? | 4386 | 0 | |
| EXT-2 | Do you list your APIs and agent tools where agents look for them? | 886 | 0 | |
| EXT-7 | If you run real question-and-answer pages, are they marked as such? | 17 | 0 | |
| RED-10 | Do you offer a plain-text (Markdown) copy of your pages? | 3394 | 2 | |
| UND-9 | If a page is behind a paywall, does it say so? | 1 | 2 |
| Test | What it asks | Failing | Of | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RED-12 | If a machine asks for Markdown, does your site give it? | 4399 | 2 | |
| UND-1 | Does your site say clearly who you are? | 4397 | 2 | |
| UND-10 | Does your page code link to your official profiles elsewhere? | 4397 | 2 | |
| UND-2 | Does your site use the page labels that search engines still read for what you publish? | 4399 | 3 | |
| UND-5 | Does the author label in your page code point to that person? | 3268 | 1 | |
| EXT-1 | Do you publish an llms.txt file for coding assistants? | 4399 | 0 | |
| PST-2 | Have you posted a Content Signals statement about what AI may do with your content? | 4399 | 0 | |
| EXT-13 | Can an assistant ask your site a question directly? | 4399 | 0 | |
| PST-4 | Have you reserved your text and data mining rights in a form machines can read? | 4399 | 0 |
Coral bars mark tests worth 2 points or more, the failures that actually move a score.
Every 7,901, named, with a report for each
Whether or not it has been scanned. Rows with no website on record, sites that were unreachable and sites that turned us away stay in the table with the reason on them, and none of them enters an average: dropping them would shrink the population to the part that was easy to measure. A few points between two neighbors is noise. The box filters every row in the cohort, not only the page you are on; click a header to sort the rows on this page by name or by score.
Showing 3,401–3,500 of 7,901 · page 35 of 80
| Site | Score | Gated | Pages read | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newport Health Centre newporthealthcentre.co.ukregister id ODS J84011; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| Newport Medical Group newportmedicalgroup.nhs.ukregister id ODS M85164; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 55 | Gated | 6 | |
| Newport Pagnell Med.ctr. npmc.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS K82016; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Newport Surgery (CB11 3PY) thesurgerynewport.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS F81034; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Newquay Health Centre newquayhealthcentre.co.ukregister id ODS Y02517; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 52 | Gated | 22 | |
| Newsome Surgery Limited newsomesurgery.co.ukblockedregister id ODS B85037; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Newthorpe Medical Practice newthorpemedicalcentre.co.ukregister id ODS C84131; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 46 | Gated | 32 | |
| Newton Drive Health Centre newtondrivehealthcentre.co.ukregister id ODS P81172; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 49 | Gated | 32 | |
| Newton Heath Medical Centre generalpracticenewtonheathhealthcentre.nhs.ukregister id ODS P84070; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 52 | Gated | 22 | |
| Newton Medical Centre newtonmedical.co.ukregister id ODS E87681; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 55 | No | 32 | |
| Newton Practice ssphealth.comregister id ODS N83045; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; several practices give this host with different paths; the path is kept | 60 | Gated | 32 | |
| Newton Surgery newtonsurgery.co.ukregister id ODS B86666; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 41 | Gated | 32 | |
| Newtons Practice newtonspractice.co.ukblockedregister id ODS H82056; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Newtown Medical Practice no website on recordregister id ODS P92021; the practice's NHS.UK profile gives no website | — | No | — | |
| Newtown Surgery newtownsurgerywidnes.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS N81064; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Nexus Health Group nexushealthgroup.nhs.ukregister id ODS G85034; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 54 | No | 32 | |
| Nidderdale Group Practice nidderdalegrouppractice.co.ukregister id ODS B82004; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 54 | Gated | 9 | |
| Nightingale House Surgery nightingalehousesurgery.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS F85058; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Nightingale Medical Centre drlaliwalaandpartners.co.ukblockedregister id ODS D81065; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| Nightingale Practice no website on recordregister id ODS H85691; the practice has no NHS.UK profile (404), and its ODS record gives no website | — | No | — | |
| Nightingale Surgery nightingalesurgery.nhs.ukregister id ODS G85727; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | Gated | 4 | |
| Nightingale Valley Practice nightingalevalleypractice.co.ukregister id ODS L81033; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 49 | Gated | 32 | |
| Nook Surgery nooksurgery.comregister id ODS Y06659; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| Norbury Medical Practice norburymedicalpractice.co.ukregister id ODS H83009; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 50 | Gated | 32 | |
| Norfolk Park Health Centre norfolkparkmedicalpractice.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS C88006; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| Norfolk Street Surgery norfolkstreetsurgery.co.ukregister id ODS M83075; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | Gated | 12 | |
| Norheads Lane Surgery norheadslanesurgery.co.ukblockedregister id ODS G84039; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Nork Clinic norkclinicbanstead.nhs.ukregister id ODS H81011; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 69 | No | 8 | |
| Normanby Medical Centre normanbymedical.co.ukregister id ODS A81021; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Avenue Surgery (SS2 4EQ) northavenuesurgery.nhs.ukregister id ODS F81176; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 64 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Baddesley Surgery northbaddesleysurgery.nhs.ukregister id ODS J82121; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; the profile gives https://www.northbaddesleysurgery.nhs.uk/index.htm; cut to the site root | 53 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Beverley Medical Centre northbeverleymedicalcentre.nhs.ukregister id ODS B81082; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 56 | No | 32 | |
| North Brink Practice northbrink.comregister id ODS D81008; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 50 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Camp Surgery no website on recordregister id ODS J82630; the practice's NHS.UK profile gives no website | — | No | — | |
| North Chelmsford NHS Hcc nchc.gpsurgery.netblockedregister id ODS Y02611; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| North Clacton Medical Practice ncmghealth.co.ukregister id ODS F81741; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 65 | No | 1 | |
| North Croydon Medical Centre northcroydonmedicalcentre.co.ukregister id ODS H83011; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 49 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Curry northcurryhealthcentre.co.ukregister id ODS L85037; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | Gated | 17 | |
| North End Medical Centre northendmedicalcentre.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS E85003; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| North Fulham Surgery northfulhamsurgery.co.ukblockedregister id ODS E85008; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| North House Surgery (DL15 9HU) northhousesurgery.org.ukregister id ODS A83020; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 50 | Gated | 32 | |
| North House Surgery (HG4 1HL) northhousesurgery.co.ukregister id ODS B82008; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 67 | No | 32 | |
| North Hyde Road Surgery northhydepractice.nhs.ukregister id ODS E86609; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 50 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Kensington Medical Centre northkensingtonmedicalcentre.nhs.ukregister id ODS E87003; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 52 | Gated | 27 | |
| North Leverton Surgery practice365.co.ukregister id ODS C84692; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; the profile gives https://practice365.co.uk/c84692/; cut to the site root | 71 | No | 5 | |
| North Park Health Centre northparkhc.nhs.ukregister id ODS N84019; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 66 | No | 7 | |
| North Petherton Surgery northpethertonsurgery.comregister id ODS L85056; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 67 | No | 32 | |
| North Preston Medical Practice northprestonmedicalpractice.nhs.ukregister id ODS P81103; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 54 | Gated | 10 | |
| North Road Suite,Ravensthorpe Health Center northroadsuite.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS B85009; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| North Road West Med.ctr. northroadwest.co.ukregister id ODS L83030; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| North Shore Surgery northshoresurgery.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS P81681; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| North Street Medical Care northstreetmedicalcare.co.ukregister id ODS F82009; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 42 | Gated | 32 | |
| North Swindon Practice northswindonpractice.nhs.ukregister id ODS J83057; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 71 | No | 8 | |
| North Thoresby Surgery norththoresbypractice.co.ukregister id ODS C83061; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 68 | No | 32 | |
| North Trafford Group Practice ntgp.co.ukregister id ODS P91629; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 53 | Gated | 20 | |
| North Wingfield Medical Centre northwingfieldmedicalcentre.co.ukregister id ODS C81055; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 53 | Gated | 20 | |
| North Wood Group Practice northwoodgrouppractice.co.ukregister id ODS G85022; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 55 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northam Surgery northamsurgery.nhs.ukregister id ODS L83050; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 73 | No | 10 | |
| Northbrook Health Centre northbrook.gpsurgery.netregister id ODS M89015; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| Northdown & Dashwood Surgery northdownsurgery.nhs.ukregister id ODS G82066; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 53 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northenden Group Practice northendengp.orgblockedregister id ODS P84012; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 401 | — | No | — | |
| Northern Moor Medical Practice northernmoor.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS P84651; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Northfield Medical Centre northfieldmedicalcentre.co.ukregister id ODS C82068; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 45 | Gated | 31 | |
| Northfield Surgery northfield-fieldroadsurgeries.co.ukregister id ODS C86018; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| Northfields Surgery northfieldssurgery.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS E85014; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Northgate Health Centre northgatehealthcentre.co.ukregister id ODS K84080; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 52 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northgate Medical Centre (WS9 8AJ) northgatepractice.co.ukregister id ODS M91017; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| Northgate Medical Centre (CH1 4DS) northgatemedicalcentre.nhs.ukregister id ODS N81080; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 49 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northgate Medical Practice northgatemedicalpractice.comregister id ODS G82060; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 50 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northgate Surgery (WF8 1NF) northgatesurgery.orgblockedregister id ODS B87007; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Northgate Surgery (ST14 7FN) thenorthgatesurgery.co.ukregister id ODS M83680; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 65 | No | 1 | |
| Northgate Village Surgery northgatesurgery.nhs.ukregister id ODS N81121; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 70 | No | 32 | |
| Northiam Surgery northiamandbroadoaksurgery.co.ukblockedregister id ODS G81087; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Northlands Surgery northlands-surgery.co.ukregister id ODS J83039; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | Gated | 23 | |
| Northlands Wood Surgery northlandswoodpractice.nhs.ukregister id ODS H82100; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northumberland Heath Med.ctr. northumberlandheathmedicalcentre.co.ukregister id ODS G83010; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 65 | No | 32 | |
| Northumberland House Surgery northumberlandhousesurgery.co.ukblockedregister id ODS M81005; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Northumberland Park Medical Group northumberlandparkmedicalgroup.nhs.ukregister id ODS A87022; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 59 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northway Medical Centre northwaymedicalcentre.nhs.ukregister id ODS M87037; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 53 | Gated | 19 | |
| Northway Road Surgery northwayroadsurgery.co.ukregister id ODS H83008; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 50 | Gated | 32 | |
| Northwood Medical Centre northwoodandalvechurch.gpsurgery.netblockedregister id ODS M85077; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| Norton Brook Medical Centre nortonbrookmedicalcentre.co.ukblockedregister id ODS L83059; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) | — | No | — | |
| Norton Canes Health Centre nortoncaneshealthcentre.co.ukblockedregister id ODS M83063; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Norton Canes Practice nortoncanespractice.co.ukregister id ODS M83727; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 44 | Gated | 32 | |
| Norton Canes Surgery drjalotassurgery.co.ukregister id ODS M83717; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 43 | Gated | 32 | |
| Norton Medical Centre nortonmedicalcentre.nhs.ukregister id ODS A81036; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | No | 2 | |
| Norvic Family Practice norvicfamilypractice.co.ukregister id ODS M88009; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 52 | Gated | 27 | |
| Norwich Practices Health Centre nplhealthcentre.co.ukregister id ODS Y02751; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 65 | No | 1 | |
| Norwood Medical Centre (LA14 5ES) norwoodmedicalcentre.co.ukregister id ODS A82008; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 55 | Gated | 10 | |
| Norwood Medical Centre (S5 7HD) norwoodmc.co.ukregister id ODS C88014; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 52 | Gated | 32 | |
| Norwood Surgery norwoodsurgerysouthport.nhs.ukregister id ODS N84008; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 66 | No | 8 | |
| Notspar no website on recordregister id ODS C84720; the practice's NHS.UK profile gives no website | — | No | — | |
| Nova Scotia Medical Cntr novascotiamedicalcentre.nhs.ukblockedregister id ODS B86089; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Novum Health Partnership novumhealth.co.ukblockedregister id ODS G85633; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; not measured: HTTP 403 (CloudFront) | — | No | — | |
| Npc Amble & Broomhill coquetmedicalgroup.co.ukregister id ODS A84022; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 60 | No | 1 | |
| Npc Central Northumberland northumbriaprimarycare.co.ukregister id ODS A84036; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; several practices give this host with different paths; the path is kept | 64 | No | 32 | |
| Npc Cramlington cramlingtonmedicalgroup.co.ukregister id ODS A84025; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 33 | Gated | 1 | |
| Npc Elsdon Avenue elsdonavenuesurgery.co.ukregister id ODS A84619; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 59 | No | 1 | |
| Npc Felton & Widdrington northumbriaprimarycare.co.ukregister id ODS A84029; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it; several practices give this host with different paths; the path is kept | 64 | No | 32 | |
| Npc Haydon Bridge & Allendale haydonbridgeandallendalemedicalpractice.co.ukregister id ODS A84045; address from NHS.UK practice profile (high confidence), not checked by loading it | 51 | No | 1 |
Scores are for the population, not for ranking two named sites against each other. A few points between neighbors is noise. See what these numbers can and cannot support. Headline figures: summary.json (CC BY 4.0). The site-by-site data on this page is licensed; a bulk copy is from TEN7 for a fee.